Archivo – Experto se\u00f1ala que el trastorno por uso de cannabis se halla detr\u00e1s de uno de cada tres primeros episodios psic\u00f3ticos<\/summary>\n – ANTONIOGUILLEM\/ ISTOCK – Archivo<\/figcaption><\/div>\n
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MADRID, 8 Abr. (EUROPA PRESS) – <\/p>\n
El psiquiatra investigador del Instituto de Psiquiatr\u00eda y Salud Mental del Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n de Madrid y presidente de la Fundaci\u00f3n Patolog\u00eda Dual, el doctor N\u00e9stor Szerman, ha se\u00f1alado que el trastorno por uso de cannabis<\/strong> se encuentra detr\u00e1s de uno de cada tres primeros episodios psic\u00f3ticos.<\/p>\n \u00abEl 35 por ciento de las personas que han sufrido un primer episodio psic\u00f3tico en Occidente presentaban un trastorno por uso de cannabis (TUC) que hab\u00eda precedido a la psicosis\u00bb, ha concretado, en relaci\u00f3n con este s\u00edndrome, que se estima que sufre alrededor del 1 por ciento de la poblaci\u00f3n. Este est\u00e1 caracterizado por una alteraci\u00f3n grave del juicio de realidad, en la que la persona pierde la capacidad de distinguir entre lo real y lo no real. <\/p>\n
Seg\u00fan la Sociedad Espa\u00f1ola de Patolog\u00eda Dual (SEPD<\/strong>), la psicosis puede ser epis\u00f3dica, aguda o cr\u00f3nica y puede aparecer en m\u00faltiples condiciones y diagn\u00f3sticos mentales, como la esquizofrenia, el trastorno bipolar, la depresi\u00f3n mayor con s\u00edntomas psic\u00f3ticos, el trastorno obsesivo compulsivo y los trastornos de personalidad graves y el trastorno por uso de sustancias. <\/p>\n De hecho, hay sustancias que, por sus efectos en el cerebro, son m\u00e1s productoras de psicosis, como los estimulantes, entre los que se hallan la coca\u00edna, las metanfetaminas y, especialmente, el cannabis, sobre todo el THC. No obstante, y pese a que siempre es un factor de riesgo, no todas las personas que sufren un TUC padecer\u00e1n un episodio psic\u00f3tico, ya que debe existir una vulnerabilidad previa, gen\u00e9tica y medioambiental. <\/p>\n
De cualquier forma, Szerman ha divulgado que incluso las personas con baja vulnerabilidad pueden desarrollar psicosis<\/strong> si usan cannabis de alta potencia. Al respecto, ha destacado los resultados de un estudio reciente, realizado en el municipio canadiense de Ontario, que ha constatado que los episodios psic\u00f3ticos se triplicaron en la regi\u00f3n tras la legalizaci\u00f3n del cannabis para uso recreativo. <\/p>\nAMBOS TRASTORNOS EST\u00c1N NEUROBIOL\u00d3GICAMENTE RELACIONADOS<\/h2>\n
\u00abAmbos trastornos, el TUC y la psicosis, est\u00e1n neurobiol\u00f3gicamente relacionados en el cerebro y comparten tambi\u00e9n vulnerabilidad gen\u00e9tica\u00bb, ha apuntado, al tiempo que ha indicado que se sabe que las personas con vulnerabilidad a la psicosis (mayoritariamente varones) comienzan a usar cannabis a una edad m\u00e1s temprana en la adolescencia y presentan un patr\u00f3n de consumo m\u00e1s grave. <\/p>\n
En este sentido, desde la SEPD han declarado que la presencia en una misma persona de un TUC y psicosis es lo que se conoce como patolog\u00eda dual<\/strong>, aunque, en este caso concreto, los expertos hablan de psicosis dual. Esta, por tanto, podr\u00eda definirse como un s\u00edndrome cl\u00ednico en el que las principales expresiones son los s\u00edntomas psic\u00f3ticos -adem\u00e1s de emocionales y conductuales- junto a la presencia de un trastorno adictivo. <\/p>\n Esta confluencia constituye uno de los trastornos mentales \u00abm\u00e1s severos\u00bb, ya que \u00abafecta a todas las funciones mentales cr\u00edticas\u00bb, ha continuado este especialista, quien ha agregado que se trata de un \u00ab\u00e1rea hu\u00e9rfana de la Psiquiatr\u00eda\u00bb, por lo que la formaci\u00f3n acad\u00e9mica tradicional es, hasta ahora, \u00abdeficitaria\u00bb en el campo de la patolog\u00eda dual. <\/p>\n
Ante ello, la Fundaci\u00f3n Patolog\u00eda Dual ha puesto en marcha, junto a la madrile\u00f1a Universidad Francisco de Vitoria (UFV) de Pozuelo de Alarc\u00f3n, el curso universitario online ‘Psicosis Dual: Psicosis y Trastorno por uso de sustancias’<\/strong>, que comienza el 13 de abril. Este tiene entre sus objetivos profundizar en la importancia del tratamiento integrado, biol\u00f3gico, psicol\u00f3gico y social, de ambos trastornos. <\/p>\n \u00abEl tratamiento separado en el tiempo (secuencial) o en diferentes dispositivos (paralelo) da lugar a mayor fracaso terap\u00e9utico\u00bb, ha proseguido Szerman, tras lo que ha declarado que \u00ablas evidencias indican que el tratamiento de la psicosis y la adicci\u00f3n debe ser integrado y llevado a cabo por equipos multidisciplinares con formaci\u00f3n en patolog\u00eda dual\u00bb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Archivo – Experto se\u00f1ala que el trastorno...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":110587,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[64],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-110586","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-salud"],"yoast_head":"\n
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