Una persona camina al interior de un edificio durante un apag\u00f3n en La Habana (Cuba). EFE\/Ernesto Mastrascusa<\/figcaption><\/figure>\nEl Gobierno ha puesto en marcha un duro paquete de medidas de emergencia para tratar de subsistir sin petr\u00f3leo del exterior, ya que la isla apenas produce un tercio de sus necesidades energ\u00e9ticas, pero ese crudo no se puede refinar en la isla.<\/p>\n
La UNE, adscrita al Ministerio cubano de Energ\u00eda y Minas, prev\u00e9 para el horario de mayor demanda de esta jornada, en la tarde-noche, una capacidad de generaci\u00f3n de 1.185 megavatios (MW) y una demanda m\u00e1xima de 3.180 MW.<\/p>\n
El d\u00e9ficit -la diferencia entre oferta y demanda- ser\u00e1 de 1.995 MW y la afectaci\u00f3n estimada -lo que se desconectar\u00e1 realmente para evitar apagones desordenados- alcanzar\u00e1 los 2.025 MW.<\/p>\n
Actualmente, ocho de las 16 unidades de producci\u00f3n termoel\u00e9ctrica operativas contin\u00faan fuera de servicio por aver\u00edas o mantenimientos. Esta fuente de energ\u00eda supone de media en torno al 40 % del mix energ\u00e9tico en Cuba.<\/p>\n
Estas afectaciones no est\u00e1n ligadas al bloqueo petrolero de EE.UU. (porque emplean en su mayor\u00eda petr\u00f3leo nacional), sino a las condiciones en las que operan las obsoletas termoel\u00e9ctricas, que sufren d\u00e9cadas de explotaci\u00f3n y un d\u00e9ficit cr\u00f3nico de inversiones en mantenimiento.<\/p>\n
De otro 40 % del mix es responsable la llamada generaci\u00f3n distribuida (motores alimentados con di\u00e9sel y fueloil), que lleva desde enero completamente parada por la falta de combustible, seg\u00fan ha reconocido el Gobierno.<\/p>\n
Infrafinanciaci\u00f3n e impacto de las sanciones de EE. UU.<\/strong><\/p>\nExpertos independientes indican que la crisis energ\u00e9tica en Cuba responde a una infrafinanciaci\u00f3n cr\u00f3nica de este sector, completamente en manos del Estado desde el triunfo de la revoluci\u00f3n en 1959. El Gobierno cubano destaca al impacto de las sanciones estadounidenses a esta industria y acusa a Washington de \u201casfixia energ\u00e9tica\u201d.<\/p>\n
Varios c\u00e1lculos independientes estiman que ser\u00edan precisos entre 8.000 y 10.000 millones de d\u00f3lares para sanear el sistema el\u00e9ctrico.<\/p>\n
Los prolongados apagones diarios lastran la econom\u00eda, que se ha contra\u00eddo m\u00e1s de un 15 % desde 2020, seg\u00fan cifras oficiales. Adem\u00e1s, han sido el detonante de las principales protestas sociales de los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os.<\/p>\n
\n
Comp\u00e1rtelo en tus redes:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
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![\"imagen\"](\"https:\/\/sarmiento24h.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/cuba-apagones-record-debido-al-asedio-petrolero-de-los-ee-uu.jpg\" "\\"CUBA:")
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