{"id":536302,"date":"2026-11-12T20:47:54","date_gmt":"2026-11-12T20:47:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/6af609503ed055070924f425"},"modified":"2026-11-12T20:47:54","modified_gmt":"2026-11-12T20:47:54","slug":"durante-decadas-hemos-diagnosticado-mal-la-obesidad-un-estudio-aporta-nuevas-evidencias","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sarmiento24h.com\/?p=536302","title":{"rendered":"Durante d\u00e9cadas hemos diagnosticado mal la obesidad: un estudio aporta nuevas evidencias"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Diagnosticar la obesidad y evaluar sus consecuencias para la salud utilizando como \u00fanico criterio el \u00edndice de masa corporal (IMC) podr\u00eda ser poco efectivo. Adem\u00e1s, limitar\u00eda la atenci\u00f3n oportuna de miles de personas cuyo riesgo de morir por cualquier causa aumenta como consecuencia de esta enfermedad.<\/p>\n<p>As\u00ed lo sugiere una nueva investigaci\u00f3n internacional publicada en la revista <em>Nature<\/em>, que aporta evidencia sobre la necesidad de replantear los par\u00e1metros utilizados para evaluar <a href=\"https:\/\/es.wired.com\/articulos\/en-25-anos-mas-de-la-mitad-del-mundo-vivira-con-obesidad-y-sobrepeso\">esta afecci\u00f3n cr\u00f3nica<\/a>, que afecta aproximadamente a uno de cada siete adultos en el mundo.<\/p>\n<hr>\n<div class=\"ContentCardEmbedWrapper-hkvhYu kMYDit content-card-embed content-card-embed--stacked\" data-testid=\"ContentCardEmbedWrapper\" readability=\"21.772151898734\">\n<div class=\"ContentCardEmbedImage-bqahne fjmzkP content-card-embed__image\" data-testid=\"ContentCardEmbedImage\"><span class=\"SpanWrapper-kFnjvc eKnjjD responsive-asset\"><picture class=\"ResponsiveImagePicture-jKunQM gjCCFj responsive-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"grasa corporal salud cerebral1498048397\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"ResponsiveImageContainer-dkeESL cQPiWi responsive-image__image\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.es.wired.com\/photos\/6a67dbe01c5c1ad131ece45e\/master\/w_120,c_limit\/grasa%20corporal%20salud%20cerebral1498048397.jpg 120w, https:\/\/media.es.wired.com\/photos\/6a67dbe01c5c1ad131ece45e\/master\/w_240,c_limit\/grasa%20corporal%20salud%20cerebral1498048397.jpg 240w, https:\/\/media.es.wired.com\/photos\/6a67dbe01c5c1ad131ece45e\/master\/w_320,c_limit\/grasa%20corporal%20salud%20cerebral1498048397.jpg 320w, https:\/\/media.es.wired.com\/photos\/6a67dbe01c5c1ad131ece45e\/master\/w_640,c_limit\/grasa%20corporal%20salud%20cerebral1498048397.jpg 640w, https:\/\/media.es.wired.com\/photos\/6a67dbe01c5c1ad131ece45e\/master\/w_768,c_limit\/grasa%20corporal%20salud%20cerebral1498048397.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"100vw\" src=\"https:\/\/media.es.wired.com\/photos\/6a67dbe01c5c1ad131ece45e\/master\/w_775%2Cc_limit\/grasa%2520corporal%2520salud%2520cerebral1498048397.jpg\"><\/picture><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"ContentCardEmbedInfo-buyHWH gWLOee\" readability=\"23.132911392405\">\n<div class=\"BaseText-fEwdHD ContentCardEmbedHed-kDKGDs iUENtL dlHXUJ content-card-embed__hed\" data-testid=\"ContentCardEmbedHed\"><a class=\"BaseLink-haTOKm ContentCardEmbedHedLink-iBZsco ILkR hhUFQU content-card-embed__hed-link link\" href=\"https:\/\/es.wired.com\/articulos\/la-ubicacion-de-la-grasa-en-tu-cuerpo-influye-directamente-en-la-salud-cerebral-segun-este-estudio\" data-testid=\"ContentCardEmbedHedLink\">La ubicaci\u00f3n de la grasa en tu cuerpo influye directamente en la salud cerebral, seg\u00fan este estudio<\/a><\/div>\n<p>No toda la grasa corporal afecta igual al cerebro. Cient\u00edficos descubrieron que la grasa visceral provoca los cambios cerebrales m\u00e1s importantes y se relaciona con un mayor deterioro de las capacidades cognitivas.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr>\n<p>El estudio retoma una propuesta de <em>The Lancet<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/commissions-do\/clinical-obesity\">presentada<\/a> el a\u00f1o pasado. Esta plantea que, para diagnosticar con mayor precisi\u00f3n la obesidad, el IMC (que relaciona el peso con la estatura) debe complementarse con otros indicadores, como la circunferencia de la cintura y la proporci\u00f3n entre esta medida y la altura. Tambi\u00e9n propone comprobar si el exceso de grasa corporal afecta el funcionamiento normal de los \u00f3rganos.<\/p>\n<p><strong>La iniciativa sugiere, adem\u00e1s, distinguir entre obesidad precl\u00ednica y cl\u00ednica.<\/strong> La primera describe una condici\u00f3n en la que, aunque existe un exceso de grasa, las funciones del organismo no presentan alteraciones. La segunda se refiere a los casos en que los niveles elevados de adiposidad provocan cambios en los \u00f3rganos o limitan la capacidad de una persona para realizar actividades cotidianas.<\/p>\n<p>Los autores de la nueva investigaci\u00f3n pusieron a prueba este modelo mediante el an\u00e1lisis de informaci\u00f3n de m\u00e1s de 844,100 adultos procedentes de China, Reino Unido, Estados Unidos y Espa\u00f1a.<\/p>\n<p>La evaluaci\u00f3n consisti\u00f3 en comparar las puntuaciones obtenidas con el IMC convencional con las derivadas de mediciones que incorporaron la circunferencia de la cintura y la relaci\u00f3n cintura-estatura. Los investigadores tambi\u00e9n revisaron los registros m\u00e9dicos de los participantes para identificar posibles alteraciones en \u00f3rganos y sistemas, detectar casos de obesidad precl\u00ednica y cl\u00ednica, y establecer si exist\u00eda una relaci\u00f3n entre estas categor\u00edas y el riesgo de muerte.<\/p>\n<p>Para ello, el estudio consider\u00f3 18 posibles indicadores de disfunci\u00f3n org\u00e1nica. Entre ellos se encontraban <a href=\"https:\/\/es.wired.com\/articulos\/casi-el-99-de-los-eventos-cardiovasculares-esta-vinculada-a-cuatro-factores-de-riesgo-prevenibles\">enfermedades cardiovasculares<\/a>, alteraciones metab\u00f3licas, problemas respiratorios, hep\u00e1ticos y renales, as\u00ed como afecciones musculoesquel\u00e9ticas y limitaciones funcionales.<\/p>\n<h2>La incidencia y consecuencias de la obesidad podr\u00edan estar subestimados<\/h2>\n<p>Los resultados mostraron que el uso del IMC actual sobrestim\u00f3 la presencia de obesidad entre 1.2 y 3.1% de los participantes. Al mismo tiempo, este indicador no identific\u00f3 como pacientes con obesidad a entre 5.2 y 8.6% de las personas que, de acuerdo con sus medidas abdominales, s\u00ed cumpl\u00edan los criterios para recibir ese diagn\u00f3stico.<\/p>\n<p>Francesco Rubino, cirujano bari\u00e1trico del King&#8217;s College de Londres y coautor del estudio, se\u00f1al\u00f3 en una declaraci\u00f3n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-026-03636-5\">retomada<\/a> por <em>Nature<\/em> que hasta ahora no se sab\u00eda si el enfoque propuesto por la comisi\u00f3n de <em>The Lancet<\/em> tendr\u00eda implicaciones en la pr\u00e1ctica cl\u00ednica ni si resultar\u00eda efectivo para predecir riesgos. Sin embargo, destac\u00f3 que los hallazgos generales podr\u00edan significar que <strong>hay \u201cmillones de personas mal diagnosticadas por el IMC\u201d<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Los resultados tambi\u00e9n refuerzan la importancia de diferenciar entre obesidad precl\u00ednica y cl\u00ednica. Al aplicar la clasificaci\u00f3n propuesta, los cient\u00edficos encontraron que la obesidad cl\u00ednica representaba entre 22.7 y 31.3% de los casos identificados.<\/p>\n<p>La evaluaci\u00f3n mostr\u00f3, asimismo, que entre <strong>70 y 90% de los participantes diagnosticados con obesidad precl\u00ednica no desarrollaron complicaciones importantes durante un periodo de diez a\u00f1os<\/strong>. Este resultado sugiere que no todas las personas con exceso de grasa corporal presentan da\u00f1os en el organismo ni evolucionan necesariamente hacia una enfermedad que afecte sus funciones.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Diagnosticar la obesidad y evaluar sus consecuencias&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":536303,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[46],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-536302","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tecnologia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - 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