{"id":536387,"date":"2026-11-12T21:57:07","date_gmt":"2026-11-12T21:57:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/6af5f2836eaddc13f6a68728"},"modified":"2026-11-12T21:57:07","modified_gmt":"2026-11-12T21:57:07","slug":"los-cientificos-todavia-no-se-ponen-de-acuerdo-sobre-que-es-la-ciencia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sarmiento24h.com\/?p=536387","title":{"rendered":"Los cient\u00edficos todav\u00eda no se ponen de acuerdo sobre qu\u00e9 es la ciencia"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Las personas entusiastas de la ciencia suelen estar de acuerdo sobre lo que significa el concepto de \u201cciencia\u201d. Es, palabras m\u00e1s o palabras menos, la b\u00fasqueda ordenada de verdades objetivas. Pero la situaci\u00f3n cambia cuando los cient\u00edficos intentan definirla. No siempre est\u00e1n de acuerdo sobre qu\u00e9 deber\u00eda entenderse por ciencia ni cu\u00e1l es exactamente su prop\u00f3sito.<\/p>\n<p>Esta paradoja en torno al concepto de ciencia no es nueva. De hecho, la respuesta casi siempre es \u201cdepende de a qui\u00e9n le preguntes\u201d. Sin embargo, un reciente estudio publicado en <a href=\"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/rsos\/article\/13\/11\/260933\/484137\/Everyone-knows-what-science-is-until-you\"><em>Royal Society Open Science<\/em><\/a> acaba de ejemplificar hasta qu\u00e9 punto los investigadores pueden discrepar sobre el significado de la palabra \u201cciencia\u201d y los objetivos de su propia actividad.<\/p>\n<p>Para explorar estas diferencias, las investigadoras Marina Dubova y Qiawen E. Liu registraron las respuestas de 92 cient\u00edficos de distintas disciplinas y 99 personas de la poblaci\u00f3n general en Estados Unidos. A todos les presentaron 18 met\u00e1foras sobre la ciencia. Los participantes deb\u00edan indicar qu\u00e9 tan de acuerdo estaban con cada descripci\u00f3n en una escala de siete puntos.<\/p>\n<hr>\n<div class=\"ContentCardEmbedWrapper-hkvhYu kMYDit content-card-embed content-card-embed--stacked\" data-testid=\"ContentCardEmbedWrapper\" readability=\"20\">\n<div class=\"ContentCardEmbedImage-bqahne fjmzkP content-card-embed__image\" data-testid=\"ContentCardEmbedImage\"><span class=\"SpanWrapper-kFnjvc eKnjjD responsive-asset\"><picture class=\"ResponsiveImagePicture-jKunQM gjCCFj responsive-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PISA 2025\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"ResponsiveImageContainer-dkeESL cQPiWi responsive-image__image\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.es.wired.com\/photos\/6aa05513728f7afad38c6664\/master\/w_120,c_limit\/estudiantemexico.jpg 120w, https:\/\/media.es.wired.com\/photos\/6aa05513728f7afad38c6664\/master\/w_240,c_limit\/estudiantemexico.jpg 240w, https:\/\/media.es.wired.com\/photos\/6aa05513728f7afad38c6664\/master\/w_320,c_limit\/estudiantemexico.jpg 320w, https:\/\/media.es.wired.com\/photos\/6aa05513728f7afad38c6664\/master\/w_640,c_limit\/estudiantemexico.jpg 640w, https:\/\/media.es.wired.com\/photos\/6aa05513728f7afad38c6664\/master\/w_768,c_limit\/estudiantemexico.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"100vw\" src=\"https:\/\/media.es.wired.com\/photos\/6aa05513728f7afad38c6664\/master\/w_775%2Cc_limit\/estudiantemexico.jpg\"><\/picture><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"ContentCardEmbedInfo-buyHWH gWLOee\" readability=\"21.538461538462\">\n<div class=\"BaseText-fEwdHD ContentCardEmbedHed-kDKGDs iUENtL dlHXUJ content-card-embed__hed\" data-testid=\"ContentCardEmbedHed\"><a class=\"BaseLink-haTOKm ContentCardEmbedHedLink-iBZsco ILkR hhUFQU content-card-embed__hed-link link\" href=\"https:\/\/es.wired.com\/articulos\/prueba-pisa-2025-exhibe-rezago-historico-en-ciencias-y-matematicas-de-estudiantes-de-mexico-espana-colombia-y-argentina\" data-testid=\"ContentCardEmbedHedLink\">Prueba PISA 2025 exhibe rezago hist\u00f3rico en ciencias y matem\u00e1ticas de estudiantes de M\u00e9xico, Espa\u00f1a, Colombia y Argentina<\/a><\/div>\n<p>PISA 2025 muestra un deterioro generalizado del desempe\u00f1o acad\u00e9mico. El rezago plantea obst\u00e1culos para desarrollar una fuerza laboral preparada para la IA, la programaci\u00f3n y el an\u00e1lisis de datos.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr>\n<h2>\u00bfQu\u00e9 es ciencia?<\/h2>\n<p>Los resultados revelaron que los cient\u00edficos ten\u00edan ideas considerablemente m\u00e1s diversas sobre lo que significa hacer ciencia que las personas del p\u00fablico general. Los investigadores tambi\u00e9n se mostraron m\u00e1s cautelosos a la hora de aceptar definiciones absolutas y tend\u00edan a reconocer las limitaciones de los m\u00e9todos cient\u00edficos, la incertidumbre de sus resultados y el papel de la creatividad en la producci\u00f3n de conocimiento.<\/p>\n<p>Por ejemplo, el 96% del p\u00fablico estuvo de acuerdo con que la ciencia es una b\u00fasqueda de la verdad, una idea que tambi\u00e9n respald\u00f3 el 83% de los cient\u00edficos. Sin embargo, cuando se les pregunt\u00f3 si la ciencia funciona como un espejo que refleja la realidad, el acuerdo entre los investigadores fue del 42%, mientras que entre el p\u00fablico alcanz\u00f3 el 72%.<\/p>\n<p>Esta diferencia tambi\u00e9n qued\u00f3 reflejada en el an\u00e1lisis estad\u00edstico. Las investigadoras compararon las respuestas de los participantes para determinar qu\u00e9 tanto coincid\u00edan sus maneras de entender la ciencia. Encontraron que las respuestas del p\u00fablico segu\u00edan patrones m\u00e1s similares entre s\u00ed, mientras que las de los cient\u00edficos eran considerablemente m\u00e1s diversas. La diferencia fue estad\u00edsticamente significativa, lo que refuerza la conclusi\u00f3n de que, al menos entre los participantes del estudio, quienes se dedican profesionalmente a la investigaci\u00f3n tienen una visi\u00f3n menos uniforme de lo que significa hacer ciencia.<\/p>\n<p>Para Dubova, este fen\u00f3meno podr\u00eda ser similar a lo que ocurre entre los chefs cuando intentan definir qu\u00e9 significa cocinar. Los profesionales desarrollan sus propios enfoques a trav\u00e9s de la experiencia y, por ello, no necesariamente comparten las mismas ideas sobre c\u00f3mo realizar su trabajo.<\/p>\n<p>El desacuerdo entre cient\u00edficos tampoco se limita a la definici\u00f3n de su propia actividad. Una encuesta realizada en 2025 entre m\u00e1s de 1,600 investigadores y aficionados a la f\u00edsica <a href=\"https:\/\/es.wired.com\/articulos\/los-fisicos-no-estan-de-acuerdo-en-casi-nada-sobre-el-universo-muestra-una-inmensa-encuesta\">revel\u00f3 profundas diferencias de opini\u00f3n sobre algunas de las grandes preguntas del universo<\/a>. Desde la naturaleza de la materia oscura hasta la gravedad cu\u00e1ntica y el origen del tiempo, los participantes estaban lejos de alcanzar consensos amplios sobre las posibles explicaciones. De las once preguntas planteadas, solo dos obtuvieron una respuesta mayoritaria.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Las personas entusiastas de la ciencia suelen&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":536388,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[46],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-536387","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tecnologia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - 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