{"id":7358,"date":"2026-01-17T11:13:48","date_gmt":"2026-01-17T11:13:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/almomento.net\/?p=1092610"},"modified":"2026-01-17T11:13:48","modified_gmt":"2026-01-17T11:13:48","slug":"la-salud-en-el-periodo-1961-a-1965-i","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sarmiento24h.com\/?p=7358","title":{"rendered":"La salud en el per\u00edodo 1961 a 1965 (I)"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

\"imagen\"<\/a><\/p>\n

El autor es m\u00e9dico oftalm\u00f3logo. Reside en Santo Domingo.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n

Luego de la muerte de Trujillo, nuestro pa\u00eds se encontr\u00f3 en un momento de profundas contradicciones de \u00edndole pol\u00edtico, ya que la necesidad de libertad que anhelaban los dominicanos desbord\u00f3 pasiones y ocasion\u00f3 enfrentamientos. Esa es la principal caracter\u00edstica de esos a\u00f1os que, desde luego, tambi\u00e9n afectaron la situaci\u00f3n sanitaria y la profesi\u00f3n m\u00e9dica.<\/p>\n

En el \u00e1mbito de la salud p\u00fablica, este per\u00edodo no puede analizarse simplemente como una sucesi\u00f3n de administraciones ministeriales o estad\u00edsticas epidemiol\u00f3gicas aisladas. La salud en la Rep\u00fablica Dominicana de 1961 a 1966 fue un escenario de batalla, tanto literal como figurado. Fue el terreno donde se enfrentaron las viejas pr\u00e1cticas clientelistas y autoritarias del trujillismo contra las nuevas aspiraciones de medicina social y derechos universales plasmadas en la Constituci\u00f3n de 1963.<\/p>\n

Fue el escenario donde una generaci\u00f3n de m\u00e9dicos, formados bajo el miedo o en el exilio, tom\u00f3 las riendas de los hospitales y gremios para convertirlos en instrumentos de lucha pol\u00edtica. Y, tr\u00e1gicamente, fue el escenario de una guerra civil en 1965, donde los hospitales se convirtieron en trincheras y la medicina tuvo que improvisarse bajo el fuego de morteros y la vigilancia de tropas extranjeras.<\/p>\n

La salud durante la \u00e9poca de Trujillo estuvo marcada por la construcci\u00f3n de centros de salud sin un criterio espec\u00edfico, sino por la necesidad del r\u00e9gimen y de la alabanza al ego del dictador. As\u00ed tenemos que hospitales importantes se construyeron sobre todo en la ciudad de Santo Domingo, entonces Ciudad Trujillo.  Centros como el Hospital Marion, el Hospital Brioso, el Hospital Morgan o el Padre Billini daban servicios en la capital; en Santiago se construy\u00f3 el moderno Hospital Cabral Y B\u00e1ez, y vemos en San Crist\u00f3bal, la ciudad donde naci\u00f3 Trujillo, la construcci\u00f3n y gran empuje al Hospital Pina, designado como el gran hospital del Sur.<\/p>\n

<\/a>Ese centro, cercano a la ciudad, tuvo sin embargo una gran importancia en la d\u00e9cada de 1950 debido a la gran cantidad de profesionales destacados que fueron designados para trabajar en aquel centro, con el objetivo de glorificar al dictador. Desde luego, la labor de esos profesionales en ese centro es m\u00e1s que encomiable, y contribuyeron mucho al desarrollo y modernizaci\u00f3n de nuestra medicina.<\/p>\n

Mientras la capital exhib\u00eda estos centros modernos, la realidad en las provincias y zonas rurales \u2014donde resid\u00eda la mayor\u00eda de la poblaci\u00f3n\u2014 era desoladora. El sistema de dispensarios era insuficiente y depend\u00eda de la caridad o de misiones sanitarias espor\u00e1dicas.<\/p>\n

Las enfermedades infectocontagiosas como la malaria, la tuberculosis y la parasitosis intestinal hac\u00edan estragos en una poblaci\u00f3n campesina sin acceso a agua potable, cuya esperanza de vida apenas superaba los 46 a\u00f1os en 1960. La estructura administrativa, denominada Secretar\u00eda de Estado de Sanidad y Beneficencia (y luego Previsi\u00f3n Social), funcionaba bajo un esquema vertical donde cada nombramiento, desde el director de hospital hasta el conserje, pasaba por el filtro del Partido Dominicano.<\/p>\n

 <\/sup>Esto gener\u00f3 una burocracia sanitaria obediente pero ineficiente, donde el criterio t\u00e9cnico se subordinaba al pol\u00edtico. Esto lo verificamos en muchos informes de diferentes estamentos que se contradec\u00edan y en estad\u00edsticas modificadas para que el r\u00e9gimen no se sintiera ofendido. Hay ejemplos como la inauguraci\u00f3n de un mismo hospital en dos ocasiones, solo para satisfacer necesidades de propaganda del r\u00e9gimen.<\/p>\n

De todos modos, se cre\u00f3 una estructura.<\/p>\n

Desde luego, el 30 de mayo de 1961 cambi\u00f3 todo el panorama, y tras unos meses de contenci\u00f3n se desat\u00f3 una crisis de gobernabilidad, debido a la presi\u00f3n popular  que ped\u00eda la destituci\u00f3n de todos los funcionarios, desde directores de hospitales a m\u00e9dicos o profesores vinculados al r\u00e9gimen  de Trujillo.<\/p>\n

\n

Comp\u00e1rtelo en tus redes:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n


\n<\/ins> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

El autor es m\u00e9dico oftalm\u00f3logo. 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