El autor es ingeniero civil y dirigente pol\u00edtico. Reside en Santo Domingo<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n
En la Rep\u00fablica Dominicana se ha generado un importante debate jur\u00eddico y constitucional en torno al Decreto Presidencial No. 6-19, que regula la expedici\u00f3n de licencias de conducir. Esta disposici\u00f3n establece que las personas mayores de 65 a\u00f1os deben renovar su licencia cada dos a\u00f1os, mientras que el resto de los ciudadanos lo hace cada cuatro a\u00f1os. Esta diferencia ha sido ampliamente cuestionada por constituir una posible violaci\u00f3n al principio de igualdad y a la jerarqu\u00eda normativa del ordenamiento jur\u00eddico dominicano.<\/p>\n
El principio de jerarqu\u00eda normativa es claro: la Constituci\u00f3n se encuentra en la c\u00faspide del sistema legal, seguida por las leyes, y posteriormente por los reglamentos o decretos. En este sentido, un decreto presidencial no puede modificar ni contradecir una ley aprobada por el Congreso Nacional.<\/p>\n
La Ley 63-17, sobre movilidad, transporte terrestre, tr\u00e1nsito y seguridad vial, establece en su art\u00edculo 201 que la vigencia de las licencias de conducir es de cuatro a\u00f1os, sin hacer distinci\u00f3n alguna por edad. Por tanto, el Decreto 6-19 introduce una limitaci\u00f3n que no est\u00e1 contemplada en la ley, incurriendo en un exceso de su facultad reglamentaria.<\/p>\n
Desde el punto de vista constitucional, la medida tambi\u00e9n presenta serias objeciones. El art\u00edculo 39 de la Constituci\u00f3n consagra el derecho a la igualdad, prohibiendo cualquier trato discriminatorio que no est\u00e9 debidamente justificado. En este caso, la reducci\u00f3n del per\u00edodo de vigencia de la licencia se basa \u00fanicamente en la edad cronol\u00f3gica del ciudadano, sin considerar su condici\u00f3n f\u00edsica o mental individual. Esto ha llevado a muchos juristas a calificar la medida como discriminatoria, al tratar a los adultos mayores como ciudadanos de segunda categor\u00eda.<\/p>\n
El Tribunal Constitucional ha abordado previamente situaciones similares. En la sentencia TC\/0005\/20, se estableci\u00f3 que fijar l\u00edmites o restricciones basadas exclusivamente en la edad puede resultar inconstitucional si no existe una justificaci\u00f3n razonable y proporcional. Este precedente refuerza la idea de que el Estado debe evaluar la capacidad de conducci\u00f3n de manera individual, mediante ex\u00e1menes m\u00e9dicos u otras pruebas objetivas, en lugar de aplicar restricciones generales basadas en la edad.<\/p>\n
Ante esta situaci\u00f3n, diversos sectores han interpuesto acciones legales ante el Tribunal Superior Administrativo y el propio Tribunal Constitucional, solicitando la nulidad del referido decreto por violar tanto la Constituci\u00f3n como la ley. Asimismo, se han presentado recursos de amparo y denuncias p\u00fablicas por la persistencia de la aplicaci\u00f3n de esta norma, incluso despu\u00e9s de anuncios oficiales que promet\u00edan su eliminaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n
En octubre de 2024, el gobierno dominicano reconoci\u00f3 la problem\u00e1tica y anunci\u00f3 la eliminaci\u00f3n de esta disposici\u00f3n discriminatoria. Sin embargo, persisten denuncias de que el Instituto Nacional de Tr\u00e1nsito y Transporte Terrestre contin\u00faa aplicando el reglamento en sus sistemas, lo que genera incertidumbre jur\u00eddica y afecta directamente a miles de ciudadanos.<\/p>\n
En conclusi\u00f3n, el Decreto 6-19 constituye un claro ejemplo de conflicto normativo y posible violaci\u00f3n de derechos fundamentales. La igualdad ante la ley no debe ser una aspiraci\u00f3n, sino una garant\u00eda efectiva para todos los ciudadanos, independientemente de su edad. Corregir esta situaci\u00f3n no solo es una obligaci\u00f3n legal, sino tambi\u00e9n un acto de justicia social.<\/p>\n
\n
Comp\u00e1rtelo en tus redes:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
ALMOMENTO.NET publica los art\u00edculos de opini\u00f3n sin hacerles correcciones de redacci\u00f3n. Se reserva el derecho de rechazar los que est\u00e9n mal redactados, con errores de sintaxis o faltas ortogr\u00e1ficas.<\/p>\n
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